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Philip Hatcher-Moore | Photojournalist

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 Albero, 9, cleans a car window in a queue of traffic at a traffic-light on a major road in La Paz, Bolivia. Albero earns 1 boliviano ($0.14 USD) per car window he cleans. Despite working under the legal age, police officers regularly passing him by

Starting Young: Child Labour in Bolivia


Bolivia recently became the first—and only—country in the world to legalise child labour for children as young as ten, contravening international regulations in an attempt to find a local solution to a global phenomenon. The children in this story are amongst the 850,000 Bolivian child workers who are trying to reconcile their families' immediate economic needs and their own ambitions. Spurred on by success stories of former child workers who have enrolled themselves in university and started their own businesses, they are the heralds of a country striving to show the world an alternative path to development.

View fullsize  The sun sets over the city of La Paz, sitting in the heart of the Andes mountain range in Bolivia.
View fullsize  Young girls walk through a poor neighbourhood in the city of El Alto, overlooking the Bolivian capital of La Paz.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13) (left) prepares his bag with his friend, Roberto (15) (right), in the locker-room of the "New Day Foundation" association in La Paz, Bolivia. Ruben is a shoe-shiner and helps support his family through the wages he earns.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13) steps out of the small room his family inhabits in the "New Day Foundation" association in La Paz, Bolivia. Ruben is a shoe-shiner and helps support his family through the wages he earns.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13) walks the streets of La Paz, Bolivia, with his shoe-shining box and stool, in search of clients.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13) shines the shoe of a man in the street of central La Paz, Bolivia, as pedestrians walk past.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13) shines the shoe of a man in the street of central La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13) drinks a cup of tea given to him by a women's organisation, whilst he works as a shoe shiner on the streets of La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  The shoe-shining kit of a "lustradore" sits in the San Francisco plaza in La Paz, Bolivia. All of the shoe polish and brushes fit into the box, which is topped by the small stool the lustradores sit on whilst working.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13) (right) and his friend, Roberto (15) (left), sit in a passageway covered with graffiti of shoe-shiners in La Paz, Bolivia. "Lustradores" (shoe-shiners) are stigmatised in the city, forcing the vast majority to wear balaclavas cover
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13) holds the money he earned from a day's shoe-shining, 26 Bolivianos, just under $4 (USD), pictured at his home in La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13, centre) and his friend, Roberto (15, right), play table-football in an outdoor "fair" in La Paz, Bolivia. The boys took the afternoon off from working as shoe-shiners, and spent some of their earnings on recreation.
View fullsize  Jonny, Ruben's five year old brother, stands in a window of the "New Day Foundation" as his brother plays football in the street in La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  Edith (10) tells off her brother, Ruben (13), at their home at a centre for shoe-shiners in La Paz, Bolivia, on November 29, 2014. Ruben is the only one of his four siblings who works, and helps to support the family.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13) sits with his younger siblings as they watch television in the "New Day Foundation" centre where the family lives in La Paz, Bolivia. Ruben works as a shoe-shiner, and his income helps to provide for the family when times are tough
View fullsize  Edith Flores (10, centre) helps her sister, Rayna (7) with homework as Ruben watches in the "New Day Foundation", a centre for shoe-shiners where the family lives, in La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  Ruben Flores (13), a shoe-shiner in La Paz, sits in the bed he shares with his four siblings and parents at the "New Day Foundation" association in La Paz, Bolivia, on December 5, 2014. Ruben works as a shoe-shiner in the Bolivian capital, helping t
View fullsize  Edith Flores (10) sweeps the floor of the locker-room in the "New Day Foundation", a centre for shoe-shiners in La Paz, Bolivia. Edith's brother, Ruben (13), and her father, Jonny, both work as shoe-shiners -- a highly stigmatised. Edith does not fo
View fullsize  Jonny, Ruben's five year old brother, sits on a staircase in the "New Day Foundation", a centre for shoe-shiners where he lives with his family in La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  William Walas Cruz (28) poses for a picture in the San Francisco plaza in central La Paz, Bolivia. William helps to run the "New Day Foundation", a centre for shoe-shiners in the Bolivian capital. He is also studying business administration at unive
View fullsize  A young boy works as a "vocedore", touting for minibus passengers at a bus-stop in the city of El Alto in Bolivia.
View fullsize  A young boy works as a "vocedore", touting for minibus passengers at a bus-stop in La Paz, Bolivia. As well as calling the bus route to passengers and potential clients, the vocedores open and close the minibus door, a job deemed "hard labour" and f
View fullsize  Albero, 9, cleans a car window in a queue of traffic at a traffic-light on a major road in La Paz, Bolivia. Albero earns 1 boliviano ($0.14 USD) per car window he cleans. Despite working under the legal age, police officers regularly passing him by
View fullsize  Albero, 9, cleans a car window in a queue of traffic at a traffic-light on a major road in La Paz, Bolivia. Albero earns 1 boliviano ($0.14 USD) per car window he cleans. Despite working under the legal age, police officers regularly passing him by
View fullsize  Brandon (13) works on his family's stall in a street market in La Paz, Bolivia. He has been working since he was 7.
View fullsize  A lady helps fasten a money pouch on to a young girl helping her work at a small stall on the roadside in La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  A young girl works on a street-side stall selling mobile-phone accessories in La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  A young boy sells "Santa" hats on a pedestrian bridge at night in La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  A lady walks down a street in a poor area of La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  A lady works at a pop-corn stand as her young child sits on the floor in La Paz, Bolivia. Many parents take their young children with them when they work.
View fullsize  Felix, 17, poses for a picture in Mariscal Sucre, a poor, outlying neighbourhood of El Alto, Bolivia, where he lives and has started a shop. Felix has worked since he was a young boy, and started a small grocery store in his neighbourhood. He is now
View fullsize  A child sleeps as his mother begs on a pedestrian bridge in central La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  Schoolgirls walk to school in the early morning in La Paz, Bolivia. "In Bolivia, there are two societies: those who raise their children to have an education and one day become president; and those who raise their children to work to survive" says A
View fullsize  Children play in the grounds of a school in an outlying, poor neighbourhood of El Alto in Bolivia.
View fullsize  Pupils sit during a night-school class in La Paz, the Bolivian capital. The Bolivian law dictates that child workers must still attend school, and many children in this neighbourhood attend nightschool to allow them to work during the day. The child
View fullsize  Pupils leave a night-school class in La Paz, the Bolivian capital. The Bolivian law dictates that child workers must still attend school, and many children in this neighbourhood attend nightschool to allow them to work during the day. The children s
View fullsize  Betsabel (8) poses for a picture in her classroom after a night-school class with her father in La Paz, the Bolivian capital.  Betsabel works for her godparents as domestic help, earning her keep from them, despite being two years too young to legal
View fullsize  Betsabel (8) and her father, a taxi-driver, leave a night-school class in the Bolivian capital, La Paz. Betsabel works for her godparents as domestic help, earning her keep from them, despite being two years too young to legally work under Bolivia's
View fullsize  Women dressed in traditional outfits take part in a street-celebration of a saint in a working class neighbourhood of La Paz, Bolivia.
View fullsize  A tunnel leads into the "Los Yungas" region of Bolivia, a major coca-producing area.
View fullsize  Brandon, 9, climbs down a dirt bank on his way to pick coca leaves in a plantation outside of the village of Coripata in the Los Yungas region of Bolivia. Brandon is too young to legally work, but earns 4 bolivianos per pound of coca leaves picked;
View fullsize  Brandon, 9, picks coca leaves in a plantation outside of the village of Coripata in the Los Yungas region of Bolivia. Brandon is too young to legally work, but earns 4 bolivianos per pound of coca leaves picked; generally around 32 bolivianos per da
View fullsize  Brandon, 9, lays out coca leaves to dry in a plantation in the village of Coripata in the Los Yungas region of Bolivia. Brandon is too young to legally work, but earns 4 bolivianos per pound of coca leaves picked; generally around 32 bolivianos per
View fullsize  Brandon, 9, lays out coca leaves to dry in a plantation in the village of Coripata in the Los Yungas region of Bolivia. Brandon is too young to legally work, but earns 4 bolivianos per pound of coca leaves picked; generally around 32 bolivianos per
View fullsize  Brandon, 9, plays with a dog at the house of his "godfather", the coca plantation owner for whom he works, in the village of Coripata in the "Los Yungas" region of Bolivia.
View fullsize  Brandon, 9, plays with a toy car at the house of his "godfather", the coca plantation owner for whom he works, in the village of Coripata in the "Los Yungas" region of Bolivia.
View fullsize  Children play in the village of Coripata, a village in the Los Yungas coca-producing region of Bolivia. "Nearly all" of the people living in the village work in coca production, says Angel, a plantation owner in the village. Many of the village's ch
View fullsize  An effigy of a thief hangs from a telegraph pole in a poor neighbourhood in the city of El Alto, the twin-city of La Paz, in Bolivia, as a warning to thieves that if they steal from the neighbourhood, then a similar fate will await them.
View fullsize  Girls watch a show put on in La Paz, Bolivia. "In Bolivia, there are two societies: those who raise their children to have an education and one day become president; and those who raise their children to work to survive" says Alex Narvaez, who deals
View fullsize  A woman carries her young child through an underpass frequented by young shoe-shiners in La Paz, Bolivia.
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    Nov 30, 2021, 2:22 PM

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